Genetic and biochemical studies on some Egyptian wheat genotypes under drought stress

Abstract Background Strategic crops need to be screened from time select the most tolerant and stable genotypes incompatible with environmental conditions. This research experiments were carried out screen thirteen Egyptian wheat under water regime stress drought conditions in two successive seasons. The studied cultivated rows, irrigation duration period between any irrigations was elongated double supply these only 50% of needed well watering evaluation concerned on some yield production indexes such as spike weight, length, number, grains number/spike 100 weight susceptibility index cytogenetic pollen viability seasons (2017–2018 2018–2019). screening also biochemical molecular analysis at seedling stage by end 2018 (the first season regime) targeting total protein profile, proline amino acid accumulation Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 enzyme gene expression via semiquantitative RT-PCR. Results Sids 12 genotype recorded highest SW, SL SN. Considering number grains/plant spikes/plant are principal components, is quality, declared its tolerance regarding plant productivity grains’ number/plant scored lowest SSI. Pollen profile affected a response regime. Proline concentration fresh leaves emphasizes 12, Misr 2 Gemmieza 9 deficit. Conclusion Among examined genotypes, 2, Shandaweel1 line 20 recommended shortage they show high performance